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Using a VPN is a terrific way to protect your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your local files. .
When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shot's iPhone, they asked Apple for a back door to get beyond the encryption. However, no such back door existed, and Apple refused to create one. The FBI needed to hire hackers to get into the phone.
Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or similar hack exists, it will become a goal, a decoration for the bad guys. It'll leak sooner or later. In a discussion at Black Hat this past summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.
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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .
Back in the day, in the event that you wanted to keep a document key you could use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel those options.
One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of themselves. Another creates a virtual disk that, when open, acts like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, each of the documents that you put into it are entirely inaccessible. .
Like the virtual drive solution, some products store your encrypted information in the cloud. This approach demands extreme care, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a much larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.
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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan to use encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of the 30-day free trial offered by each one of those products to get a sense of the different options.
Once you copy a file into secure storage, or make an encrypted version of it, you absolutely need to wipe out the unencrypted original. Simply deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you bypass the Recycle Bin, since the data still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often return back. .
Some encryption products avoid this issue by encrypting the document in location, literally overwriting it on disc with an encrypted version. It's more common, however, to provide safe deletion as an option. If you choose a product that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .
Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic recovery works since the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It is more of a waveform. In simple terms, the procedure involves nulling out the known data and reading around the borders of what's left.
An encryption algorithm is similar to a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other document into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, with the same password, and you get back the original.
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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and you can find out more every one of the products gathered here service AES. Even the ones that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.
If you're an encryption expert, you may prefer another algorithm, Blowfish, perhaps, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the typical consumer, however, AES is just fine.
Passwords are important, and you must keep them confidential, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.
With PKI, you receive two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, enroll it in an integral exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is personal, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a key document, I just encrypt it with your public key.
Simple! .
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Using this system in reverse, you can create an electronic signature that proves your document came from you and hasn't been modified. How Just encrypt it with your private key. The fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .
If you want to share a document with someone and your encryption tool doesn't support PKI, there are different options for sharing. Many products allow creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You could also find that the recipient can use a free, decryption-only tool.